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Leadership is the process of influencing others and support them to work with enthusiasm in achieving common goals. Is defined as the ability to take initiative, manage, convene, promote, encourage, motivate and evaluate a group or team. It is the exercise of executive activities in a project, effectively and efficiently, whether personal or institutional.
Types of leadership expert opinion in Organizational Development, there are few types of leadership.
For others, not that there are several types of leadership: leadership is one and, as the leaders are individuals (individuals with personal characteristics defined), the ratings correspond to how exercise or have acquired the power to direct, a circumstance not necessarily entail being a leader.
Three types of leadership that refer to various forms of authority:
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Traditional leader: He is one who inherits the power of habit or for an important post, or belongs to a family group of elite that has held power for generations. Examples: a reign.
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Legal leader: He is one who obtains power by an individual or a group of people, capabilities, skills and experience to lead others. The legal term refers to laws or legal norms. A leader is merely legal one that meets with the law. To be a leader, it is inevitable requirement to comply with it.
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Legitimate leader: The term is misused legal leader. We might think of "legitimate leader" and "illegitimate leader. The first is a person who acquires power through procedures authorized under the law, while the leader is illegitimate that acquires its authority through the use of illegality. Illegitimate leader can not even consider him a leader, as a characteristic of leadership is precisely the ability to convene and to convince, so a "leadership by force" is nothing other than lack of it. It is a contradiction per se.
All I can tell a leader is to have followers, no leader without followers.
The word "leadership" itself can mean a collective group of leaders, or special features can mean a famous figure (like a hero). Other uses for this word, in which the leader does not direct, but it is a figure of respect (as a scientific authority, through its work, its findings, its contributions to the community). Along with the role of prestige that is associated with inspiring leaders, most superficial use of the word "leadership" can designate innovation agencies, those that for a period of time taking the lead in any area, any corporation or product as it takes the first position in any market.
Arieu defines a leader as "a person capable of inspiring and associating others with a dream." So it is so important that organizations have a mission high transcendent, since it is a very powerful way to strengthen the leadership of its directors.
There is a fundamental rule of leadership is the foundation for a good leader, whatever it is, perform effective leadership. Most authors named the golden rule in personal relationships, and it's quick, simple and very effective: "Do not people in your place: Put yourself in the place of the people." In short, as well as dealing with people and they treat you.
According to this classification, there are various styles of leadership:
Types of leadership and characteristics. Frequently Classifications:
According to the formality of your choice:
According to the relationship between the leader
and his followers:
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Authoritarian leadership:
The leader is the only group that makes decisions about work and organization of the group without having to justify them at any time.
The evaluation criteria used by the leader are not known to the rest of the group.
Communication is unidirectional: from leader to subordinate.
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Democratic leadership:
The leader makes decisions after group discussion enhanced by thanking the views of its followers.
The evaluation criteria and standards are explicit and clear.
When it comes to solving a problem, the leader offers several solutions, among which the group has to choose.
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Liberal laissez-faire leadership:
The leader adopts a passive role, leaving power in the hands of the group.
At no time judge or evaluate the contributions of other group members.
Group members enjoy full freedom, and have the support of the leader only if requested.
Depending on the type of leader influence over their subordinates:
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Transactional Leadership:
Group members recognized the leader as authority and leader.
The leader provides the resources considered valid for the group.
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Transformational or charismatic leadership
The leader has the ability to modify the scale of values, attitudes and beliefs of the followers.
The main actions of a charismatic leader are discrepancies with the requirements and desires for change, proposing a new alternative capable of illusions and convince his followers, and the use of innovative and unconventional means to achieve change and be able to take personal risks.
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Leadership at Work
In business, two important features are evaluated on executives, with the intention of assessing its capacity to address: firstly, the ability and, secondly, the attitude.
The first is obtained by learning new methods and procedures, eg the ability to construct a balance sheet, cash flow, plant layout or a marketing plan. But in many cases these skills are not applicable, because managers lack a good attitude, that is, appropriate behavior
to try to implement these methods. Among the most requested and attitudes
required is leadership ability, the same can be cultivated but, according to
many authors, is part of the individual personality. How to know if we are
configured as leaders and, otherwise, how to develop these skills in ourselves?
It is a subject of much debate and study, but it is necessary to discover if we
have some leaders and what do we lack to be fully achieved.
A classification of types of leadership is the
formal, which represents the direction of a working group formally or
designated, another less obvious is the recognition by members of an informal
institution that has great influence, but an open, non-pay and charismatic way.
In sociological studies of community development through participatory
observation, these people are key to the fieldwork. In the 1970s, several
Spanish sociologists studied the issue of the role of 'informal leaders' as a
relevant topic of the sociology of the organization.
Leadership can also be classified as follows:
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individual leadership (role models)
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executive leadership (planning, organizing,
directing and controlling a project)
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institutional leadership
When leadership is necessary, usually for office in
an organization, we speak of formal leaders. Thus, this leader should have
certain skills: communication skills, organizational ability and managerial
efficiency, which is to say that a good leader is a person responsible,
communicative and organized. |
